AP French Language · Unit 6
Les défis mondiaux: every key term you need (+ practice quiz)
36 flashcard terms for AP French Language Unit 6, written to match the course framework. Study them here, then drill them as interactive flashcards, or test yourself with the 21-question quiz — free, no account needed.
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Les défis mondiaux AP theme on global challenges: environment, economics, health, human rights, peace and war, food, migration and diversity.
L'Accord de Paris 2015 climate agreement adopted at the COP21 in Paris, aiming to keep warming well below 2 °C.
Le réchauffement climatique Global warming; France experienced record heat of 46 °C in 2019 and increasingly frequent canicules.
La transition écologique Shift toward low-carbon energy and consumption; France's ministère de la Transition écologique steers policy.
Le tri sélectif des déchets ménagers Sorting waste into color-coded bins; since 2023 all plastic packaging goes in the yellow bin nationwide.
L'empreinte carbone Carbon footprint; average French person emits about 9 tonnes CO2 per year, target is 2 tonnes by 2050.
La loi anti-gaspillage (AGEC) 2020 law banning destruction of unsold goods and phasing out single-use plastics by 2040.
Le gaspillage alimentaire Food waste; a 2016 law requires supermarkets to donate unsold food to charities such as les Restos du Cœur.
Les Restos du Cœur Charity founded by Coluche in 1985 serving over 170 million meals a year; symbol of solidarity.
La déforestation en Afrique Loss of forests in Côte d'Ivoire and Madagascar linked to cocoa and agriculture; theme of francophone environmental texts.
La désertification au Sahel Advancing Sahara threatens Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso; the Grande Muraille verte aims to plant a belt of trees across Africa.
L'accès à l'eau potable Clean-water access remains a challenge in parts of francophone Africa and Haïti; NGOs and UNICEF projects feature in AP sources.
L'immigration en France About 10% of residents are immigrants, historically from Algérie, Maroc, Portugal and Italie; debates on integration recur.
Le droit d'asile Right to asylum handled by the OFPRA; refugees have status under the 1951 Geneva Convention.
Les réfugiés climatiques People displaced by drought, floods or rising seas; a growing focus of francophone humanitarian discourse.
Médecins Sans Frontières MSF, founded in Paris in 1971 by doctors including Bernard Kouchner; Nobel Peace Prize 1999.
La Croix-Rouge Humanitarian movement founded by Swiss Henry Dunant in 1863; the Croix-Rouge française has 60,000 volunteers.
La Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen 1789 text proclaiming natural rights; France sees itself as 'le pays des droits de l'homme'.
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L'ONU et la France France is a permanent member of the UN Security Council; French is one of the six UN official languages.
L'OIF Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, created in 1970, promotes French and cooperation among 88 member states.
L'Union européenne France is a founding member (1957); l'euro since 2002; Schengen allows border-free travel.
Le commerce équitable entre pays du Nord et du Sud Fair trade guaranteeing producers a minimum price; Max Havelaar label common on French coffee and chocolate.
La mondialisation Globalization; debates over delocalisation of jobs and 'made in France' campaigns.
La pauvreté en France About 14% live below the poverty line; le RSA provides a minimum income.
L'accès aux soins Health access: déserts médicaux in rural France lack doctors; global focus includes vaccination campaigns in Africa.
La pandémie de Covid-19 Confinement from March 2020, attestation de déplacement, le pass sanitaire; reshaped work and school.
Le terrorisme Attacks of 2015 (Charlie Hebdo, Bataclan) prompted 'Je suis Charlie' solidarity and debates on freedom of expression.
La liberté d'expression Protected since 1789 and by the 1881 press law; limits include hate speech and Holocaust denial (loi Gayssot).
L'égalité des genres dans le monde Girls' schooling in Sahel countries and violence against women are common source topics; Simone Veil law legalized abortion in 1975.
Le développement durable Sustainable development balancing economy, society and environment; the UN's 17 ODD (objectifs de développement durable).
L'énergie en Afrique francophone Over half of sub-Saharan population lacks electricity; solar projects in Sénégal and Maroc's Noor plant are model responses.
Le tourisme durable Responsible travel that limits impact; le surtourisme affects Paris, Mont-Saint-Michel and Marseille's calanques.
La biodiversité France hosts 10% of known species thanks to overseas territories; parcs nationaux protect them.
Exprimer une opinion nuancée Phrases for the essay: 'Il est indéniable que', 'Certes... mais', 'On pourrait objecter que', 'À mon avis'.
Le conditionnel journalistique Conditional used to report unconfirmed information: 'Le gouvernement annoncerait une nouvelle loi.'
Le vocabulaire de l'environnement La pollution, les déchets, recycler, les énergies renouvelables, la sécheresse, les inondations, la canicule.
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