La Generación del 98 y el modernismo: every key term you need (+ practice quiz)
38 flashcard terms for AP Spanish Literature Unit 3, written to match the course framework. Study them here, then drill them as interactive flashcards, or test yourself with the 20-question quiz — free, no account needed.
Hispanic American movement (c. 1888-1916) led by Rubén Darío: musicality, exotic and refined imagery, swans and princesses, renewal of meter and language.
Rubén Darío
Nicaraguan founder of Modernismo (1867-1916); Azul..., Prosas profanas, Cantos de vida y esperanza.
A Roosevelt
Darío's 1904 poem addressing Theodore Roosevelt as the hunter; opposes Anglo-Saxon material power to a spiritual Latin America that "still prays to Jesus Christ and speaks Spanish."
Lo fatal
Darío's poem from Cantos de vida y esperanza envying the tree and stone because they do not feel; anguish before death and the unknown.
Sinestesia
Fusion of senses ("verso azul"), a favorite modernista device for suggestive, sensory language.
Alejandrino
14-syllable line in two hemistiches, revived by Darío in "A Roosevelt" and "Sonatina."
Parnasianismo y simbolismo
French influences on Modernismo: Parnassian formal perfection and Symbolist suggestion and musicality.
Generación del 98
Spanish writers (Unamuno, Machado, Baroja, Azorín, Valle-Inclán) marked by the 1898 loss of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines; concern for Spain's identity and Castile.
Desastre del 98
Spain's defeat by the United States and loss of its last colonies, prompting national self-examination (regeneracionismo).
Antonio Machado
Poet (1875-1939) of Soledades and Campos de Castilla; "He andado muchos caminos" reflects on the humble people of Spain.
He andado muchos caminos
Machado praises simple, working people ("gentes buenas") and criticizes the vain and pedantic who "apestan la tierra."
Miguel de Unamuno
Philosopher and novelist (1864-1936); San Manuel Bueno, mártir (1931) portrays a priest who has lost his faith yet sustains his village.
San Manuel Bueno, mártir
Ángela Carballino narrates the life of don Manuel, a beloved priest who does not believe in the afterlife but protects the people's faith.
Nivola
Unamuno's term for his experimental, idea-driven novels that reject Realist description in favor of inner conflict.
Lázaro (San Manuel)
Ángela's brother, returned from America as an anticlerical, who is 'converted' by don Manuel to the priest's pious deception.
Símbolos en San Manuel
The lake (hidden depth, doubt, the drowned village), the mountain (faith), snow falling on the lake (dissolving beliefs).
Intrahistoria
Unamuno's concept of the silent, everyday life of ordinary people underlying official history.
Agonía unamuniana
Unamuno's tragic sense of life: struggle between reason and the desire for immortality.